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India is predominantly a county of villages. Majority of the people in India live in villages. Agriculture and cottage industries constitute their major occupation. However the replacement of agriculture and craftsmen product by the superimposed colonial mode of production has adversely affected the occupational system of India. The decline in agriculture and cottage industries is the main cause of the socio-economic challenges confronting the nation. By providing opportunities to employ the workers cottage industries increase the labour force participation rate from the existing dismally low level, reduce dependency rate in the family and also increase the family income of the poor households. This publication is of great significance in the context of spatial variation in socio-economic conditions of the people employed in cottage industry sector and the impact of cottage industrial development on entrepreneurship in Ambedkar Nagar district, Uttar Pradesh. This book will be useful to policy makers, planners and social reformers. It is my privilege to recommend the book to the academia and the general public.