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Limitations, and Complications/John SM Chang. 29. Toric Implantable Collamer Lenses for the Correction of Astigmatism/Tomoaki Nakamura. 30. Iris Clip Toric Phakic Intraocular Lenses for Keratoconus and Irregular Astigmatism/Almutez M Gharaibeh and Jorge L Alió. Index. This book presents various solutions to the different types of astigmatism that the practical surgeon will find in today’s world of refractive and cataract-lens surgical practices. The different chapters of this book are based on scientific evidence and practice. Well-known authors, with extensive practice, offer what they consider to be pearls of their knowledge to optimize and improve surgical outcomes for the correction of astigmatism with cornea or intraocular procedures. Key Features: Provides an academic approach to the study of astigmatism and serves as a practical clinical reference for the surgical management of astigmatism. Represents a true collaboration between editors and authors. Provides various solutions and tailored techniques for diagnosing and managing regular and irregular astigmatism. Discusses all the different methods to understand and manage astigmatism from laser surgery to incisional and intraocular lenses. Describes new diagnostic technology, patient selection, procedures and limitations across applications. Includes figures and illustrations to provide a comprehensive review.

Contents: 1. Etiology, Pathogenesis, and Epidemiology of Astigmatism and History of its Surgical Management/Andrzej Grzybowski and Piotr Kanclerz. 2. Optics of Regular Astigmatism/Leon Strauss. 3. Optical Clinical Assessment of Astigmatism, Surgical Vector Planning, and Analysis of Astigmatism for Refractive Surgery/Noel Alpins and George Stamatelatos. 4. Keratometry and Placidobased Topography: Techniques, Advantages, and Limitations/Damien Gatinel. 5. Scanning-slit, Scheimpflug, and Optical Coherence Tomography in Regular and Irregular Astigmatism/Ricardo M Nosé, Mauro C Tiveron Jr and Roberto Pineda II. 6. Morphogeometric Analysis of the Cornea and its Relation to Corneal Astigmatism/F Cavas Martínez, Asier Villanueva, Laurent Bataille, FJ Fernández Cañavate and DG Fernández-Pacheco. 7. Corneal and Total Aberrometry: Orthogonal/Oblique and Secondary Higherorder Aberrations in Astigmatism/Andrea Arteaga and Jose de la Cruz. 8. Aberrated Cornea–Irregular Astigmatism in Real-world Optics: Topography, Aberrometry, and Applications in Refractive Surgery/Samantha Williamson, Joao Crispim and Dimitri Azar. 9. Preoperative Evaluation of Astigmatism in Cataract Surgery/Debora E Garcia-Zalisnak, Joelle A Hallak and Soledad Cortina. 10. Surgical Planning for the Correction of Astigmatism/Noel Alpins and George Stamatelatos. 11. Posterior Corneal Astigmatism Measurement Techniques and Preoperative Planning for Cataract Surgery/Kai Kang, Jose de la Cruz, Joelle A Hallak, Soledad Cortina and Dimitri Azar. 12. Toric Pseudophakic Intraocular Lenses: Materials/Characteristics of Toric Monofocal, Toric Bifocal, and Toric Trifocal Intraocular Lenses/Roberto Fernández-Buenaga and Jorge L Alió. 13. Surgical Techniques: Axis Marking, Toric Intraocular Lens Positioning, and Incisional Approaches/Bryan S Lee and David F Chang. 14. Intraoperative Alignment Techniques/Afua Annor and Jonathan Rubenstein. 15. Induced and Residual Astigmatism after Cataract Surgery/Alexander Pleet, Soledad Cortina and Dimitri Azar. 16. Correcting Astigmatic Surprises Following Toric Intraocular Lens Implantation/David R Hardten, John P Berdahl and Brent A Kramer. 17. Cataract and Refractive Lens Exchange Surgery in Keratoconus/Jorge L Alió del Barrio, Roberto Fernández-Buenaga and Jorge L Alió. 18. Astigmatic Keratotomy and Limbal Relaxing Incisions: Principles, Indications, and Nomograms/Eric D Rosenberg, Alanna S Nattis and Eric D Donnenfeld. 19. Femtosecond Arcuate Keratotomy: Principles, Indications, and Techniques/Gunther Grabner. 20. Laser Profiles and Depths for Myopic, Hyperopic, and Mixed Astigmatism/Shilpa Gulati, Joelle A Hallak and Dimitri Azar. 21. Photoastigmatic Refractive Keratectomy and Laser-assisted in Situ Keratomileusis: Surgical Management of Astigmatism/Susie Drake, Soledad Cortina, Dimitri Azar and Joelle A Hallak. 22. Small incision Lenticule Extraction versus Laser in Situ Keratomileusis in Myopic Astigmatism/Suphi Taneri. 23. Outcomes of Photorefractive Keratectomy, Laser in Situ Keratomileusis, and Smallincision Lenticule Extraction for Myopic, Mixed, and Hyperopic Astigmatism/Jorge L Alió del Barrio, Verónica Vargas, Roberto Fernández-Buenaga and Jorge L Alió. 24. Custom Treatment of Irregular Astigmatism/Arthur Cummings. 25. Management of Postkeratoplasty Astigmatism/Praneetha Thulasi, Joelle A Hallak, Dimitri Azar and Soledad Cortina. 26. Management of Astigmatism after Cataract Surgery: Excimer Laser, Astigmatic Keratotomy, Piggyback IOL and IOL Exchange/Renan Ferreira Oliveira, Roberto Fernández-Buenaga, Jorge L Alió del Barrio and Jorge L Alió. 27. Surgical Management of Corneal Ectatic Disorders Using Intracorneal Ring Segments, Corneal Collagen Cross-linking, and Thermokeratoplasty Procedures/Alfredo Vega-Estrada, Renan Ferreira Oliveira and Jorge L Alio.