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Synopsis The problem of working children has been attracting attention because the number of Child workers has been growing despite several laws and other efforts to curb it. This book examines the structural basis of economy in which child labour persists. This study is based on the investigations of the problems of child labour in two prominent decentralised large scale industries, namely Lockmaking industry of Aligarh and Brassware industry of Moradabad. The practice of employing child labour in these industries is widespread and in-built in the production system of these industries. This book also looks into various dimensions of employment of child labour such as socio-economic background, parental attitude, working conditions, impacts on educational and health status. The study also examines into causes of child labour and tardy implementation of laws to curb child labour in these industries. The book will be useful for scholars, planners, policy makers, voluntary organisations and all those who are interested to curb the practice of child labour.