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The Nyaya Sutras is an ancient Indian Sanskrit text composed by Aksapada Gautama, and the foundational text of the Nyaya school of Hindu philosophy. The text consists of five books, with two chapters in each book, with a cumulative total of 528 aphoristic Sutras, about rules of reason, logic, epistemology and metaphysics. The Nyaya Sutras is a Hindu text, notable for focusing on knowledge and logic, and making no mention of Vedic rituals. The first book is structured as a general introduction and table of contents of sixteen categories of knowledge. Book two is about pramana (epistemology), book three is about prameya or the objects of knowledge, and the text discusses the nature of knowledge in remaining books. It set the foundation for Nyaya tradition of the empirical theory of validity and truth, opposing uncritical appeals to intuition or scriptural authority. The Nyaya Sutras cover a wide range of topics, including Tarka-Vidya, the science of debate or Vada-Vidya , the science of discussion. The Nyaya Sutras are related to but extend the Vaisesika epistemological and metaphysical system. The present book contains original text of Nyaya Sutras of Gautama along with an English translation & commentary by M.M. Satisa Candra Vidyabhusana. The book also includes an alphabetical index of Sutras at the end for ready reference of the readers.