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Purvamimariisa, alongwith Nyaya and Vyakarana, deals with the philosophy of language in India. Purvamimathsa was the first system to undertake the analysis of sentence and its meaning on a scientific basis. It has greatly contributed to the development of linguistics, especially to semantics in India by proposing various theories of meaning. Also, advent of Prabhakara and Bhatta Schools brought a revolutionary change in the analysis of sentence and its meaning by introducing anvitabhidhanavada and abhihitanvayavada etc. And 'Distinction of the activity' BhAvanaviveka establishes the activity, nucleus of sentence meaning, to be a distinct entity from the actions expressedby the verbal roots by refuting Badari's concept of niyoga and Prabhakara's concept of aparva. This work provides a comprehensive account of Manclana's analysis of the nature and the status of the accomplishing activity (bheivana, which constitutes the very heart of the Minarina system of Indian philosophy. Also, this work provides Niyogavadin's and grammarian's arguments against the necessity of the acceptance of the activity, and Bhavanavadin's answers to the Niyogavadin's arguments. To facilitate the understanding of the intricacies of Manclana's distinction of the activity, Mariclana's Bhavanaviveka has been fully translated with extensive annotations and original Sanskrit text. Thus, this edition is useful for both the scholars and students of Indian Philosophy of Language in general and those of Bhatta doctrine of sentence-meaning in particular.