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Synopsis In this book, we have critically examined the impact of rationalization on various aspects of social life. Rationalisation may be defined in terms of this-wordly asceticism, acquisitiveness, and book-keeping, within a rational-legal framework. Rationality may be measured in terms of excess of achievement-orientation over the needs for affiliation and power. As a matter of fact, life devoid of traditions and emotions becomes meaningless. Only the means can be rational. Goals cannot be rational, Rationality facilitates systematic organization for effective utilization of advancements in science and technology. This promotes economic development, and removes poverty. Production and distribution of knowledge for enlightenment serve as means for achieving these ends. Ratioinalisation of social life is the goal of our sociology. We can cultivate our garden in many ways. Capitalism and socialism are two alternative models of rationalization. In capitalism, the market mechanism maintains a dynamic equilibrium between various elements of society. This is a serious book. Its various chapters critically analyse the ongoing discussions on Weber, Frankfurt scholars, industrialization, trade unions, Japanese management, factionalism, globalisation and similar other topics. It puts forward that rationalization off social life is the key to organizational effectiveness and economic development. The book will be useful for students in social science.