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Synopsis Modernisation/development is a process of societal transformation from a traditional society to a modern society, emphasising the elimination of poverty, unemployment, social and economic inequality. Modernisation on capitalist lines, which the country has pursued, has led to the growth of unknown phenomena in Mizo society like stratification—the rich and the poor—, alienation by well-off natives, absentee landlordism, intermediary rights, money lending, encroachment of community land, exploitative groups based on antagonistic relationships of production and property, land mortgage and perpetuation of the existing disparities of wealth. The emerging well off natives/middle class in the state are neither opposed to the landed gentry nor to the Indian capitalist class. The book, which includes nineteen scholarly and research papers, deals objectively with a theoretical concept of modernisation and various issues, challenges, problems and constraints concerning the modernisation/development of the Mizo society and suggests to resolve the degrading socio-economic situations, affecting the poor tribesmen adversely, who are the victims of poverty and unemployment owing to unequal production and property relations. It provides policy insights for the future and will be highly useful and valuable.