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Synopsis India is the second populous country in the world with 6.77 crores of tribal population. Most of the tribal people are poor, illiterate and inhibited in inaccessible forests and hilly areas. They lag behind in all spheres of life in comparison with other sections of the population. The Government of India has launched a number of schemes for the promotion of education and welfare among the tribes. In spite of these efforts the rate of literacy has not been improved. In case of the primitive tribes it is very poor and among women it is very low. Literacy is the key for socioeconomic development of any section or region. Keeping this in view, the present study was conducted to identify the problems in promotion of literacy among primitive tribal women especially in case of Savara of A.P. and Cholonayakan and Kattunayakan of Kerala and to suggest suitable strategies. Chapter I of the book presents the literacy scenario among the tribes, review of studies related to tribal education, objectives, methodology etc. of the study. The socioeconomic and cultural background of the tribes are presented in the chapter II. Chapter III describes the socioeconomic profile of the heads of the families. The socioeconomic and cultural profile of the tribal women is presented in chapter IV. The status of education among the tribal women is narrated in chapter V of the report. The developmental programmes implemented for the tribal population of A.P. and Kerala are described in chapter VI. The chapter VII & VIII constitutes the summary and strategies for the promotion of literacy among tribal women respectively.