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India, the largest democratic republican country in the world, possesses 2.4 percent of the world's land and more than 16 percent its population. Every year it adds 16 billion people to its large base of population, mostly in rural areas. It has already been crossed the population of one billion in the recent past years. Around 75 percent of the population live in rural areas, in about 5.5 lakh villages, several of them located remotely or isolately with poor or non-existing civic amenities. This book discusses the implicit linkage between population, food nutritional intake and hunger in India. Increasing population creates demand for food, which is expected to be met by supply of available food, those who do not have access to the minimum food requirement face hunger and deprivation. And, there is a high need to avoid hunger and deprivation, food supply is needed to be increased and demand reduced by slowing down population growth. This book, therefore, discusses the dynamics of population pressure, food production, nutritional intake-energy intake in particular and hunger trap in Indian context and emphasises the ways to stabilize the population at a level consistent with the national development goals. It, further, discusses on the possible ways to minimise pressure on the resources, particularly-natural resources that were yet to be exploited.