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Synopsis The present work gives a critical and comprehensive account of the last phase of the Ahom sovereign rule in Assam beginning with the first popular challenge and introduction of the British rule in 1826. The study gives an introductory but clear idea of Ahom administration and socio-economic life of Assam under the Ahoms and discusses in detail the popular rebellions against the Ahom government, the court intrigues and the external aggressions of the period, all of which worked to bring about the disintegration and downfall of the Ahom kingdom. The study presents an objective study of the life and works of Purnananda Burhagohain, who had been the Premier of the Ahom kingdom from 1783-1817 and the most noted figure of the last days of Ahom rule. It clears many of the controversial points centering round that great personality. It also deals with Assam's relations with the neighbouring powers including Burma and the English East India Company with its headquarters in Bengal. The authoress makes full use of the original sources, both published and unpublished, available in different libraries in the State, including the National Archives of India, West Bengal State Archives and Assam Secretariat Records Office, Inscriptions and coins have also been consulted and interviews with the descendants of Purnananda Burhagohain and Sarbananda, a prominent Matak chief were taken. Oral history has also been utilised.