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The study of demographic data has become important in the context of national planning. No effective planning can take place unless the basic data particularly relating to population along with a number of socio-economic characteristics are available North East India comprising of six States and two Union Territories is of special importance as lot of changes have taken place in this region which have tremendously changed the ecology of their region with direct effect on tertility. Morbidity and mortality of the people. The fast pace of the development and education explosion has compelled the demographers to look into the man-power resources and its quality. Keeping this inview the data on population of latest population census of 1981 alongwith various socio-economic characteristics have been presented volume. The material mostly comprises of the composition of population , socio-economic characteristics by giving the figure of the marital status with rural urban break-up. The book also contains the data of the migrants along with brief analysis both from the point of view of place of birth and last residence. In this context it becomes necessary that the religion and language data of the various units should be taken as base for certain future studies. The figures of the main religions, therefore, have been given for this region, as a whole as well as for all the smaller units. Economic activity of the people, their engagements in various industries etc., have also been dealt to some extent. A brief review of the population of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes alongwith birth and death rates. An endeavour has been made to present the statistics of this region and compare them with the statistics of other neighbouring states and the country as a whole. It is hoped that the statistics presented in this volume will be of great use to the research scholars, demographers, geo-graphers, anthropologists, economist, research institutions, administrators, policy planners, and other interested persons who are likely to be stimulated to make further in-depth studies of the subject.