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Synopsis Micro-socio-demographic study is highly valuable for understanding the realistic nature of influenceof diverse and comprehensive factors that facilitate or hinder the procees of total development. Historically studying such factors, since independence over a quarter century period further enhance therelevace of the study. Thanks to the bench-mark studies available on Mangadu, from the renowned Poonamaliee Public Health Institute and the pioneering work of Prof S. Chandrasekhar, a rare opoortunity was available to the authors, to peep into the past development process of this village in a holistic manner. In India this volume is the pioneer in this series and hence valuable not only to policy makers, planners, development administrators but also to a galaxy of social scientists, demographers and students of society and culture. The focus of the study includes major demographic, economic, social, public health and family planning dimensions of development in a historically important, demographically and geographically major and culturailly diverse village through a quarter century period. A combination of Anthropologyical andsurvey approaches together strengthened the depth and kcoverage of the study , Perti-urban location of the village near Madras city and several other factors together transformed the village from a traditional level to a modern one during a short period of time. A unique and rare feature is the rapid economic and social j development of the Harilans with the concurrent sleep decline in their fertility and mortality to par with the developed communities. The successful experience in total development of this village will be a feasible model for future development of Indians village.