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Synopsis ‘Defence’ and ‘Offence’ are two basic human (better say animal) instincts which are as old as man. It is this very instinct which led primitive man to snatch, to grab, to possess or to dominate others. With the growth of civic sense and emergence of family, community, society and resultantly state – ‘defence’ also emerged as established institution against ‘offence’. In India defencce has been uniquely managed since the dawn of civilization. War weapons, transport, war tactics and strategies, fortification, soldiery, officials and reward and remuneration etc. were the distinct features, which were given special attention in defence administration. The present compilation in two volumes portrays a panoramic yet in-depth picture of defence administration in India. The first volume describes defence administration in Ancient India i.e. since Aryan or Vedic period. With the invention of firearms and weapons during medieval time war strategies and defence organization etc. changed somewhat. It is during the British rule in India, the defence system was organized on modern scientific lines. As such volume second is devoted to Defence management during British India till Present day. Description of some prominent Para-Military forces is also given.