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Synopsis Nitisaram actually means the essence of Niti, a word which has got more than one meaning, depending upon the context in which it is used. In one sense it means the proper code of conduct for a human being, what a person is expected to do in different situations and at different stages of life and how he should react with other people-good, bad or indifferent as they may be. A compilation containing more than 120 verses has been in circulation in kerala for the last two centuries and more. Earlier, this used to be taught to young students at the formative stage of their lives in the Gurukulas. The verses had been carefully collected by the anonymous compiler with a good deal of care and attention with a didactic objective in view. It is hoped that this publication would satisfy a long-felt need since it is not known to have beenn ever printed in Devanagari script. The translations have been done in easily understandable English poetry form with explanations that will be of great help to the reader.