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Synopsis Ber cultivation has been in vogue in India since Vedic age. It is adapted to the Extreme agro-climatic conditions of the desert environment and is, therefore, a popular fruit crop in the arid and semi-arid regions of India. Internationally, its cultivation is gaining momentum in sub Sahara and sahel regions of Africa. Ber plantations of seedling origin are in existence since ages and the selection of better types were maintained by vegetative propagation, which were named as varieties at various locations. Genetically it is highly heterozygous due to cross pollination and polyploidy. Such heterozygous population has given more opportunities for selection of better types. However, with the migration of varieties from one location to other and often with changed name with has led to the confused identity of varieties. Single variety has been given different name with the change of location. Therefore, an effort has been made to remove the confusions in varietal nomenclature and prepared a key to identify varieties using both vegetative and fruit characters. I hope that this book will be useful for students, teachers and scientists pursuing research on her.