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Synopsis The saying goes "Earthquakes Don't kill, Buildings Do". Correctly speaking, only the buildings of unsafe design and construction collapse under earthquake impact, thereby killing the inmates. But those constructed with proper earthquake resisting features neither collapse nor kill. The Author has carried out research and development studies in regard to such buildings, starting in 1960, and has developed safe building construction methods based on structural analyses and extensive laboratory tests. Wherever these were used in the construction of new buildings as in the Manery Bhali Project and ITBP colony at Mahitanda in Uttaranchal, no building collapsed, not even in the Uttarkashi earthquake epicentral region. The Author has also developed simple methods of introducing earthquake safety elements at critical points of the existing unsafe buildings to upgrade their strength to the level of non-collapse under postulated maximum earthquake intensities in different seismic zones of India. These have been practically applied to thousands of buildings in the post-earthquake situations in Maharashtra, Gujarat and Uttaranchal. The book includes in different chapters, the know-how about the earthquake occurrences, their effect on non-engineered buildings, principles and details of earthquake resistant design, procedure for assessment of seismic safety of existing masonry buildings and method of upgrading their earthquake safety by retrofitting. The book should be found useful not only by students and researchers of the subject but also by the householders to construct new dwelling, or to look at their own dwellings fro improving the earthquake safety. The extra coast involved on account of earthquake resistant features in new constructions may vary only from 2.5 to 6% in Zones III to V. The retrofitting cost of existing masonry buildings varies from 5% to 12%! These small extra costs will ensure full desirable earthquake of the buildings and the inmates!