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The development of high technology like ultrasound has literally produced a diagnostic revolution in Obstetrics and Gynecology. In the past, ultrasound had a minimal impact on the day-to-day practice of Obstetrics and Gynecology. However, in the present day, ultrasound is part and parcel of routine work for diagnostic as well as therapeutic value. This allows the obstetrician and gynecologist to look into the problems more precisely for better management. Ultrasound has brought in a new revolution in diagnosis and management. Those who think this is an overstatement have either not used the technique or have not invested the time to become proficient enough with the technique to appreciate its real potential. Once a person becomes familiar with its potential, he may not be able to practice without it.

The art of effective diagnosis is one that relies to a considerable degree on the recognition of visual signs and manifestations of disease aided by ultrasound. Ultrasound has made it obvious that the fetus is an individual virtually from conception which can be made out from early sonography. Furthermore, technical improvements in ultrasonic instrumentation have opened up new avenues to the visualization and evaluation of normal and abnormal fetal anatomy. Normal anatomy and pathological condition in the pelvic structures can easily be diagnosed by transvaginal sonography. The recent developments like color Doppler provide blood flow information and offer new insights into dynamic studies of blood flow within the female pelvis.

Moreover, technical improvements in ultrasonic instrumentation have opened up new frontiers in fetal therapy as well as gynecological and assisted reproduction by interventional sonography.