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Synopsis It is now being realized that modern science owes its origin to Islam. This work seeks to prove that Islam, far from retarding the progress of science, the chief factor of civilization, immensely furthered its cause. One of the most potent sources of Hindu-Moslem conflict in India is our scant knowledge of each other. We live side by side and yet very often our worlds are entirely different. Such mental aloofness has done immense mischief in the past and forebodes an evil future. It is only through a sympathetic understanding of each other’s culture and social customs and conventions that we can create and atmosphere of peace and goodwill. History bears incontestable testimony to the fact that Islam gave unprecedented impetus to the intellectual development of the human race and that the early Muslims held high the torch of light and learning at a time when the whole world was immersed in ignorance and barbarity. The impression prevalent in Europe that Islam is an unprogressive religion, antagonistic to science and civilization, is absolutely incorrect.