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Synopsis The book is based on original research carried out in the Tambiraparani river basin, which is one of the important irrigation systems of Tamil Nadu State. The study aimed to measure the sustainability levels of diversified and non-diversified wetland farming systems, and to suggest empirical models for improving the sustainability of the region. A scientific definition of sustainability as applied to farm diversification and identification of suitable indicators and measures for assessing and predicting the sustainability of the irrigated ecosystem are an important part of this book. A framework has been developed to measure the economic and ecological indicators for an overall measure for sustainability by utilizing 13 different parameters. Parameter-wise, size-wise, reach-wise and farming system-wise sustainability analysis have been carried out in-depth to triangulate and empirically prove the differences in economic viability and ecological soundness between the diversified and non-diversified farms. The study reveals the ability of the allied sector activity to improve the economic viability, ecological soundness and overall sustainability status of the wetland farms. The parameters that discriminate the diversified farms from their counterparts have been identified. The Principal Component Analysis was done to identify the group of parameters responsible for enhancing the sustainability of the wetland farms. The empirical models suggest the measures to be undertaken to promote farm diversification for sustainability in the irrigated areas. The implications of the study have also led to practical policy conclusions. This book will be of interest to students, teachers and scientists for gaining in-depth knowledge on farm diversification and its relation to sustainability. The implications of the study based on its findings would be of immense use to policy makers and administrators concerned with agriculture to develop new insights into the issues related with economic viability and ecological soundness of irrigated regions. This book will also be of use to trainers and professionals in research and extension institutes.