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Synopsis Paper is used for writing, wrapping and packaging and for a variety of other applications ranging from kitchen napkins to the manufacture of building materials. In modern times, paper has become a basic material, one of the essential daily use products in the world. The development of the paper business has been a significant factor in the increase in literacy and the raising of educational levels of people throughout the world. The basic process of making paper has not changed in more than 2,000 years. It involves three stages: the breaking up of raw material in water to form a pulp, the formation of sheet paper by spreading this suspension on a porous surface and drying. However, the stages may have remained the same, but the process and concerns have transformed over the years. The life of a magazine or newspaper begins with trees being cut down in a forest and ends with the burning or recycling of old magazines or papers. The most harmful part of the process is paper production. Breaking down wood fiber to make paper consumes a lot of energy, which has to be managed well in order to comply with the environmental norms. Social implications and electronic facilitators are the key challenges faced by the paper industry. This book is divided into three sections, namely: the industry perspective, the global scenario and the social dimensions of the industry. Various aspects of the paper industry covered are: evolution of this industry, challenges faced due to changing customer wants, major global players and their competitors in this industry and its future.