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The Global Pharmaceutical Industry is greatly impacted by provisions of Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS). This industry became the centre of controversy over the conflict of right to health and right to patents. In Brazil and South Africa, governments tried to save their populace from AIDS epidemic and were forced to violate patents over AIDS drugs. Since this trigger, a lot of debate and numerous writings have come up on the subject. This book covers various facets of the debate. The book sets the background to the controversy by talking about health policy concerns and its linkages to pharmaceutical industry. Then, the book discusses the various events, which helped the legal framework of TRIPS to evolve. Various provisions of TRIPS are also discussed. The book covers in detail various issues that were discussed or rather debated after the controversy. They include high drug prices and access to medicines, problem of counterfeit drugs, data exclusivity, frivolous patent extensions, bilateral agreements in a multilateral framework of WTO, proposal for a new R&D treaty (Medical Research and Development Treaty) and, last, but not the least - Promoting and building domestic drug manufacturing capacity. The book captures the debate and discussion surrounding the issue and provides valuable insights into the phenomenon.