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The first chapter deals with the basics of echocardiography and includes a section on the clinical usefulness of M-mode echocardiography. Pulsed and continuous wave Doppler as well as color Doppler are also covered in this chapter. The second chapter on echocardiographic examination deals with transthoracic, transesophageal and three-dimensional echocardiography. Chapters 3, 4 and 6 delineate all aspects of mitral, aortic, tricuspid and pulmonary valve disease entities as well as pulmonary hypertension. Aortic diseases including aortic aneurysm, aortic dissection, aortic transection and penetrating aortic ulcer are described in Chapter 5. Normal and abnormal function of prosthetic valves is detailed in Chapter 7. Both systolic and diastolic left ventricular function are comprehensively described in Chapter 8. This chapter also covers tissue Doppler imaging and speckle tracking and velocity vector echocardiography. Chapter 9 deals with various aspects of ischemic heart disease. All commonly used modalities of stress echocardiography as well as complications of myocardial infarction are included in this chapter. Cardiomyopathies are fully discussed in Chapter 10. Dilated, restrictive and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy together with its variants are described in detail. Chapter 11 covers pericardial disorders. Pericardial effusion, cardiac tamponade, constriction and differentiation of pericardial effusion from pleural effusion and ascites are described in this chapter. Cardiac masses including thrombus and tumors are detailed in Chapter 12. The last chapter of the manual deals with congenital heart disease. Chamber and great vessel identification, shunt lesions, stenotic disorders, complex lesions and other miscellaneous conditions are described in this chapter.